src/cx/compare.h

/*
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER.
 *
 * Copyright 2021 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *
 *   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 *   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/**
 * @file compare.h
 * @brief A collection of simple compare functions.
 * @author Mike Becker
 * @author Olaf Wintermann
 * @copyright 2-Clause BSD License
 */

#ifndef UCX_COMPARE_H
#define UCX_COMPARE_H

#include "common.h"

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

/**
 * A comparator function comparing two arbitrary values.
 *
 * All functions from compare.h with the cx_cmp prefix are
 * compatible with this signature and can be used as
 * compare function for collections or other implementations
 * that need to be type-agnostic.
 *
 * For simple comparisons the cx_vcmp family of functions
 * can be used, but they are NOT compatible with this function
 * pointer.
 */
typedef int (*cx_compare_func)(const void *left, const void *right);

/**
 * A comparator function comparing two arbitrary values.
 *
 * Functions with this signature allow specifying a pointer to custom data.
 */
typedef int (*cx_compare_func2)(const void *left, const void *right, void *data);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to integer one
 * @param i2 pointer to integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_int(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int.
 *
 * @param i1 integer one
 * @param i2 integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_int(int i1, int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type long int.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to long integer one
 * @param i2 pointer to long integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_longint(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type long int.
 *
 * @param i1 long integer one
 * @param i2 long integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_longint(long int i1, long int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type long long.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to long long one
 * @param i2 pointer to long long two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_longlong(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type long long.
 *
 * @param i1 long long int one
 * @param i2 long long int two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_longlong(long long int i1, long long int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int16_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to int16_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to int16_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_int16(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int16_t.
 *
 * @param i1 int16_t one
 * @param i2 int16_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_int16(int16_t i1, int16_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int32_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to int32_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to int32_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_int32(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int32_t.
 *
 * @param i1 int32_t one
 * @param i2 int32_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_int32(int32_t i1, int32_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int64_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to int64_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to int64_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_int64(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type int64_t.
 *
 * @param i1 int64_t one
 * @param i2 int64_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_int64(int64_t i1, int64_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned int.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to unsigned integer one
 * @param i2 pointer to unsigned integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_uint(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned int.
 *
 * @param i1 unsigned integer one
 * @param i2 unsigned integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_uint(unsigned int i1, unsigned int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned long int.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to unsigned long integer one
 * @param i2 pointer to unsigned long integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_ulongint(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned long int.
 *
 * @param i1 unsigned long integer one
 * @param i2 unsigned long integer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_ulongint(unsigned long int i1, unsigned long int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned long long.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to unsigned long long one
 * @param i2 pointer to unsigned long long two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_ulonglong(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type unsigned long long.
 *
 * @param i1 unsigned long long one
 * @param i2 unsigned long long two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_ulonglong(unsigned long long int i1, unsigned long long int i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint16_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to uint16_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to uint16_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_uint16(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint16_t.
 *
 * @param i1 uint16_t one
 * @param i2 uint16_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_uint16(uint16_t i1, uint16_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint32_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to uint32_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to uint32_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_uint32(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint32_t.
 *
 * @param i1 uint32_t one
 * @param i2 uint32_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_uint32(uint32_t i1, uint32_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint64_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to uint64_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to uint64_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_uint64(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type uint64_t.
 *
 * @param i1 uint64_t one
 * @param i2 uint64_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_uint64(uint64_t i1, uint64_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type size_t.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param i1 pointer to size_t one
 * @param i2 pointer to size_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_size(const void *i1, const void *i2);

/**
 * Compares two integers of type size_t.
 *
 * @param i1 size_t one
 * @param i2 size_t two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_size(size_t i1, size_t i2);

/**
 * Compares two real numbers of type float with precision 1e-6f.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param f1 pointer to float one
 * @param f2 pointer to float two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_float(const void *f1, const void *f2);

/**
 * Compares two real numbers of type float with precision 1e-6f.
 *
 * @param f1 float one
 * @param f2 float two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_float(float f1, float f2);

/**
 * Compares two real numbers of type double with precision 1e-14.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param d1 pointer to double one
 * @param d2 pointer to double two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_double(const void *d1, const void *d2);

/**
 * Compares two real numbers of type double with precision 1e-14.
 *
 * @param d1 double one
 * @param d2 double two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_double(double d1, double d2);

/**
 * Compares the integer representation of two pointers.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer to pointer one (const intptr_t*)
 * @param ptr2 pointer to pointer two (const intptr_t*)
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_intptr(const void *ptr1, const void *ptr2);

/**
 * Compares the integer representation of two pointers.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer one
 * @param ptr2 pointer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_intptr(intptr_t ptr1, intptr_t ptr2);

/**
 * Compares the unsigned integer representation of two pointers.
 *
 * @note the parameters deliberately have type @c void* to be
 * compatible with #cx_compare_func without the need of a cast.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer to pointer one (const uintptr_t*)
 * @param ptr2 pointer to pointer two (const uintptr_t*)
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_uintptr(const void *ptr1, const void *ptr2);

/**
 * Compares the unsigned integer representation of two pointers.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer one
 * @param ptr2 pointer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_vcmp_uintptr(uintptr_t ptr1, uintptr_t ptr2);

/**
 * Compares the pointers specified in the arguments without dereferencing.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer one
 * @param ptr2 pointer two
 * @retval -1 if the left argument is less than the right argument
 * @retval 0 if both arguments are equal
 * @retval 1 if the left argument is greater than the right argument
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_cmp_ptr(const void *ptr1, const void *ptr2);

/**
 * A @c cx_compare_func2 compatible wrapper for @c memcmp().
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer one
 * @param ptr2 pointer two
 * @param n (@c size_t*) a pointer to the length
 * @return the result of @c memcmp()
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_acmp_memcmp(const void *ptr1, const void *ptr2, void *n);

/** Wraps a compare function for cx_acmp_wrap. */
typedef struct {
    /** The wrapped compare function */
    cx_compare_func cmp;
} cx_compare_func_wrapper;

/**
 * A @c cx_compare_func2 wrapper for a @c cx_compare_func().
 *
 * This is not strictly compatible with a @c cx_compare_func2 because
 * ISO C does not define conversions between function and object pointers.
 *
 * But it works on all tested platforms to cast a pointer to this function to
 * a @c cx_compare_func2.
 *
 * @param ptr1 pointer one
 * @param ptr2 pointer two
 * @param cmp_wrapper a pointer to a @c cx_compare_func_wrapper
 * @return the result of the invoked compare function
 * @see cx_compare_func_wrapper_s
 */
cx_attr_nonnull cx_attr_nodiscard
CX_EXPORT int cx_acmp_wrap(const void *ptr1, const void *ptr2, void* cmp_wrapper);

#ifdef __cplusplus
} // extern "C"
#endif

#endif //UCX_COMPARE_H