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1 | /* |
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2 | * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS HEADER. |
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3 | * |
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4 | * Copyright 2021 Mike Becker, Olaf Wintermann All rights reserved. |
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5 | * |
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6 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
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7 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: |
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8 | * |
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9 | * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
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10 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
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11 | * |
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12 | * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
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13 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
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14 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
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15 | * |
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16 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" |
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17 | * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE |
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18 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
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19 | * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE |
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20 | * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR |
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21 | * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF |
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22 | * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS |
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23 | * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN |
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24 | * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) |
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25 | * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE |
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26 | * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
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27 | */ |
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28 | |
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29 | /** |
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30 | * \file buffer.h |
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31 | * |
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32 | * \brief Advanced buffer implementation. |
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33 | * |
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34 | * Instances of CxBuffer can be used to read from or to write to like one |
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35 | * would do with a stream. |
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36 | * |
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37 | * Some features for convenient use of the buffer |
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38 | * can be enabled. See the documentation of the macro constants for more |
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39 | * information. |
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40 | * |
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41 | * \author Mike Becker |
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42 | * \author Olaf Wintermann |
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43 | * \version 3.0 |
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44 | * \copyright 2-Clause BSD License |
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45 | */ |
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46 | |
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47 | #ifndef UCX_BUFFER_H |
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48 | #define UCX_BUFFER_H |
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49 | |
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50 | #include "common.h" |
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51 | #include "allocator.h" |
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52 | #include <stdio.h> |
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53 | |
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54 | #ifdef __cplusplus |
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55 | extern "C" { |
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56 | #endif |
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57 | |
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58 | /** |
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59 | * No buffer features enabled (all flags cleared). |
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60 | */ |
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61 | #define CX_BUFFER_DEFAULT 0x00 |
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62 | |
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63 | /** |
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64 | * If this flag is enabled, the buffer will automatically free its contents when destroyed. |
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65 | */ |
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66 | #define CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS 0x01 |
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67 | |
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68 | /** |
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69 | * If this flag is enabled, the buffer will automatically extends its capacity. |
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70 | */ |
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71 | #define CX_BUFFER_AUTO_EXTEND 0x02 |
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72 | |
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73 | /** Structure for the UCX buffer data. */ |
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74 | typedef struct { |
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75 | /** A pointer to the buffer contents. */ |
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76 | union { |
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77 | /** |
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78 | * Data is interpreted as text. |
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79 | */ |
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80 | char *space; |
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81 | /** |
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82 | * Data is interpreted as binary. |
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83 | */ |
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84 | unsigned char *bytes; |
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85 | }; |
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86 | /** The allocator to use for automatic memory management. */ |
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87 | CxAllocator *allocator; |
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88 | /** Current position of the buffer. */ |
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89 | size_t pos; |
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90 | /** Current capacity (i.e. maximum size) of the buffer. */ |
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91 | size_t capacity; |
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92 | /** Current size of the buffer content. */ |
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93 | size_t size; |
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94 | /** |
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95 | * Flag register for buffer features. |
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96 | * @see #CX_BUFFER_DEFAULT |
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97 | * @see #CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS |
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98 | * @see #CX_BUFFER_AUTO_EXTEND |
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99 | */ |
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100 | int flags; |
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101 | } cx_buffer_s; |
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102 | |
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103 | /** |
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104 | * UCX buffer. |
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105 | */ |
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106 | typedef cx_buffer_s CxBuffer; |
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107 | |
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108 | /** |
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109 | * Initializes a fresh buffer. |
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110 | * |
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111 | * \note You may provide \c NULL as argument for \p space. |
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112 | * Then this function will allocate the space and enforce |
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113 | * the #CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS flag. |
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114 | * |
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115 | * @param buffer the buffer to initialize |
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116 | * @param space pointer to the memory area, or \c NULL to allocate |
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117 | * new memory |
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118 | * @param capacity the capacity of the buffer |
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119 | * @param allocator the allocator this buffer shall use for automatic memory management |
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120 | * @param flags buffer features (see cx_buffer_s.flags) |
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121 | * @return zero on success, non-zero if a required allocation failed |
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122 | */ |
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123 | int cxBufferInit( |
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124 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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125 | void *space, |
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126 | size_t capacity, |
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127 | CxAllocator *allocator, |
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128 | int flags |
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129 | ); |
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130 | |
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131 | /** |
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132 | * Destroys the buffer contents. |
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133 | * |
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134 | * Has no effect if the #CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS feature is not enabled. |
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135 | * |
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136 | * @param buffer the buffer which contents shall be destroyed |
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137 | */ |
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138 | void cxBufferDestroy(CxBuffer *buffer); |
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139 | |
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140 | /** |
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141 | * Creates a new buffer and fills it with content copied from another buffer. |
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142 | * |
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143 | * \note The #CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS feature is enforced for the new buffer. |
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144 | * |
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145 | * @param src the source buffer |
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146 | * @param start the start position of extraction |
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147 | * @param length the count of bytes to extract (must not be zero) |
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148 | * @param flags features for the new buffer (#CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS will always be enabled) |
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149 | * @return a new buffer containing the extraction |
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150 | */ |
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151 | CxBuffer *cxBufferExtract( |
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152 | CxBuffer *src, |
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153 | size_t start, |
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154 | size_t length, |
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155 | int flags |
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156 | ); |
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157 | |
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158 | /** |
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159 | * A shorthand macro for copying an entire buffer. |
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160 | * |
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161 | * @param src the source buffer |
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162 | * @param flags features for the new buffer (#CX_BUFFER_FREE_CONTENTS will always be enabled) |
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163 | * @return a new buffer with the copied content |
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164 | */ |
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165 | #define cxBufferClone(src, flags) cxBufferExtract(src, 0, (src)->capacity, flags) |
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166 | |
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167 | |
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168 | /** |
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169 | * Shifts the contents of the buffer by the given offset. |
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170 | * |
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171 | * If the offset is positive, the contents are shifted to the right. |
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172 | * If auto extension is enabled, the buffer grows, if necessary. |
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173 | * In case the auto extension fails, this function returns a non-zero value and |
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174 | * no contents are changed. |
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175 | * If auto extension is disabled, the contents that do not fit into the buffer |
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176 | * are discarded. |
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177 | * |
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178 | * If the offset is negative, the contents are shifted to the left where the |
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179 | * first \p shift bytes are discarded. |
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180 | * The new size of the buffer is the old size minus the absolute shift value. |
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181 | * If this value is larger than the buffer size, the buffer is emptied (but |
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182 | * not cleared, see the security note below). |
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183 | * |
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184 | * The buffer position gets shifted alongside with the content but is kept |
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185 | * within the boundaries of the buffer. |
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186 | * |
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187 | * \note For situations where \c off_t is not large enough, there are specialized cxBufferShiftLeft() and |
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188 | * cxBufferShiftRight() functions using a \c size_t as parameter type. |
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189 | * |
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190 | * \attention |
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191 | * Security Note: The shifting operation does \em not erase the previously occupied memory cells. |
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192 | * But you can easily do that manually, e.g. by calling |
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193 | * <code>memset(buffer->bytes, 0, shift)</code> for a right shift or |
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194 | * <code>memset(buffer->size, 0, buffer->capacity - buffer->size)</code> |
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195 | * for a left shift. |
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196 | * |
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197 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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198 | * @param shift the shift offset (negative means left shift) |
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199 | * @return 0 on success, non-zero if a required auto-extension fails |
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200 | */ |
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201 | int cxBufferShift( |
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202 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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203 | off_t shift |
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204 | ); |
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205 | |
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206 | /** |
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207 | * Shifts the buffer to the right. |
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208 | * See cxBufferShift() for details. |
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209 | * |
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210 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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211 | * @param shift the shift offset |
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212 | * @return 0 on success, non-zero if a required auto-extension fails |
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213 | * @see cxBufferShift() |
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214 | */ |
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215 | int cxBufferShiftRight( |
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216 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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217 | size_t shift |
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218 | ); |
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219 | |
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220 | /** |
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221 | * Shifts the buffer to the left. |
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222 | * See cxBufferShift() for details. |
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223 | * |
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224 | * \note Since a left shift cannot fail due to memory allocation problems, this |
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225 | * function always returns zero. |
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226 | * |
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227 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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228 | * @param shift the positive shift offset |
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229 | * @return always zero |
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230 | * @see cxBufferShift() |
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231 | */ |
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232 | int cxBufferShiftLeft( |
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233 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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234 | size_t shift |
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235 | ); |
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236 | |
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237 | |
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238 | /** |
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239 | * Moves the position of the buffer. |
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240 | * |
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241 | * The new position is relative to the \p whence argument. |
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242 | * |
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243 | * \li \c SEEK_SET marks the start of the buffer. |
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244 | * \li \c SEEK_CUR marks the current position. |
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245 | * \li \c SEEK_END marks the end of the buffer. |
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246 | * |
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247 | * With an offset of zero, this function sets the buffer position to zero |
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248 | * (\c SEEK_SET), the buffer size (\c SEEK_END) or leaves the buffer position |
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249 | * unchanged (\c SEEK_CUR). |
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250 | * |
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251 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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252 | * @param offset position offset relative to \p whence |
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253 | * @param whence one of \c SEEK_SET, \c SEEK_CUR or \c SEEK_END |
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254 | * @return 0 on success, non-zero if the position is invalid |
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255 | * |
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256 | */ |
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257 | int cxBufferSeek( |
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258 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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259 | off_t offset, |
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260 | int whence |
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261 | ); |
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262 | |
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263 | /** |
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264 | * Clears the buffer by resetting the position and deleting the data. |
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265 | * |
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266 | * The data is deleted by zeroing it with a call to memset(). |
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267 | * |
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268 | * @param buffer the buffer to be cleared |
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269 | */ |
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270 | #define cxBufferClear(buffer) memset((buffer)->bytes, 0, (buffer)->size); \ |
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271 | (buffer)->size = 0; (buffer)->pos = 0; |
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272 | |
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273 | /** |
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274 | * Tests, if the buffer position has exceeded the buffer capacity. |
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275 | * |
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276 | * @param buffer the buffer to test |
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277 | * @return non-zero, if the current buffer position has exceeded the last |
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278 | * available byte of the buffer. |
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279 | */ |
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280 | int cxBufferEof(CxBuffer *buffer); |
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281 | |
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282 | |
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283 | /** |
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284 | * Ensures that the buffer has a minimum capacity. |
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285 | * |
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286 | * If the current capacity is not sufficient, the buffer will be extended. |
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287 | * |
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288 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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289 | * @param capacity the minimum required capacity for this buffer |
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290 | * @return 0 on success or a non-zero value on failure |
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291 | */ |
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292 | int cxBufferMinimumCapacity( |
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293 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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294 | size_t capacity |
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295 | ); |
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296 | |
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297 | /** |
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298 | * Writes data to a CxBuffer. |
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299 | * |
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300 | * The position of the buffer is increased by the number of bytes written. |
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301 | * |
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302 | * \note The signature is compatible with the fwrite() family of functions. |
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303 | * |
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304 | * @param ptr a pointer to the memory area containing the bytes to be written |
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305 | * @param size the length of one element |
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306 | * @param nitems the element count |
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307 | * @param buffer the CxBuffer to write to |
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308 | * @return the total count of bytes written |
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309 | */ |
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310 | size_t cxBufferWrite( |
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311 | void const *ptr, |
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312 | size_t size, |
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313 | size_t nitems, |
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314 | CxBuffer *buffer |
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315 | ); |
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316 | |
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317 | /** |
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318 | * Reads data from a CxBuffer. |
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319 | * |
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320 | * The position of the buffer is increased by the number of bytes read. |
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321 | * |
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322 | * \note The signature is compatible with the fread() family of functions. |
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323 | * |
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324 | * @param ptr a pointer to the memory area where to store the read data |
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325 | * @param size the length of one element |
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326 | * @param nitems the element count |
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327 | * @param buffer the CxBuffer to read from |
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328 | * @return the total number of elements read |
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329 | */ |
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330 | size_t cxBufferRead( |
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331 | void *ptr, |
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332 | size_t size, |
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333 | size_t nitems, |
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334 | CxBuffer *buffer |
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335 | ); |
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336 | |
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337 | /** |
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338 | * Writes a character to a buffer. |
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339 | * |
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340 | * The least significant byte of the argument is written to the buffer. If the |
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341 | * end of the buffer is reached and #CX_BUFFER_AUTO_EXTEND feature is enabled, |
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342 | * the buffer capacity is extended by cxBufferMinimumCapacity(). If the feature is |
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343 | * disabled or buffer extension fails, \c EOF is returned. |
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344 | * |
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345 | * On successful write, the position of the buffer is increased. |
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346 | * |
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347 | * @param buffer the buffer to write to |
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348 | * @param c the character to write |
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349 | * @return the byte that has bean written or \c EOF when the end of the stream is |
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350 | * reached and automatic extension is not enabled or not possible |
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351 | */ |
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352 | int cxBufferPut( |
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353 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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354 | int c |
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355 | ); |
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356 | |
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357 | /** |
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358 | * Gets a character from a buffer. |
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359 | * |
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360 | * The current position of the buffer is increased after a successful read. |
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361 | * |
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362 | * @param buffer the buffer to read from |
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363 | * @return the character or \c EOF, if the end of the buffer is reached |
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364 | */ |
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365 | int cxBufferGet(CxBuffer *buffer); |
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366 | |
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367 | /** |
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368 | * Writes a string to a buffer. |
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369 | * |
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370 | * @param buffer the buffer |
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371 | * @param str the zero-terminated string |
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372 | * @return the number of bytes written |
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373 | */ |
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374 | size_t cxBufferPutString( |
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375 | CxBuffer *buffer, |
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376 | const char *str |
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377 | ); |
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378 | |
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379 | #ifdef __cplusplus |
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380 | } |
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381 | #endif |
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382 | |
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383 | #endif /* UCX_BUFFER_H */ |